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Pd nano-catalyst supported on biowaste-derived porous nanofibrous carbon microspheres for efficient catalysis

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第9期页码 1289-1300 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2299-7

摘要： Environmental pollution caused by the presence of aromatic aldehydes and dyes in wastewater is a serious global concern. An effective strategy for the removal of these pollutants is their catalytic conversion, possibly to valuable compounds. Therefore, the design of efficient, stable and long-lifetime catalysts is a worthwhile research goal. Herein, we used nanofibrous carbon microspheres (NCM) derived from the carbohydrate chitin present in seafood waste, and characterized by interconnected nanofibrous networks and N/O-containing groups, as carriers for the manufacture of a highly dispersed, efficient and stable Pd nano-catalyst (mean diameter ca. 2.52 nm). Importantly, the carbonised chitin’s graphitized structure, defect presence and large surface area could promote the transport of electrons between NCM and Pd, thereby endowing NCM supported Pd catalyst with high catalytic activity. The NCM supported Pd catalyst was employed in the degradation of some representative dyes and the chemoselective hydrogenation of aromatic aldehydes; this species exhibited excellent catalytic activity and stability, as well as applicability to a broad range of aromatic aldehydes, suggesting its potential use in green industrial catalysis.

关键词： biowaste chitin nanofibrous palladium nano-catalyst catalysis

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Efficient and selective electro-reduction of nitrobenzene by the nano-structured Cu catalyst prepared

Yali CHEN,Lu XIONG,Weikang WANG,Xing ZHANG,Hanqing YU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第5期页码 897-904 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0782-1

摘要： Pollution caused by toxic nitrobenzene has been a widespread environmental concern. Selective reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline is beneficial to further efficient and cost-effective biologic treatment. Electrochemical reduction is a promising method and Cu-based catalysts have been found to be an efficient cathode material for this purpose. In this work, Cu catalysts with different morphologies were fabricated on Ti plate using a facile electrodepositon method via tuning the applied voltage. The dendritic nano-structured Cu catalysts obtained at high applied voltages exhibited an excellent efficiency and selectivity toward the reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline. Effects of the working potential and initial nitrobenzene concentration on the selective reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline using the Cu/Ti electrode were investigated. A high rate constant of 0.0251 min and 97.1% aniline selectivity were achieved. The fabricated nano-structured Cu catalysts also exhibited good stability. This work provides a facile way to prepare highly efficient, cost-effective, and stable nano-structured electrocatalysts for pollutant reduction.

关键词： nitrobenzene nano-structured Cu electro-reduction voltage-dependent electrodeposition high selectivity high stability

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Enhanced methanation stability of nano-sized MoS

Zhenhua LI, Jia HE, Haiyang WANG, Baowei WANG, Xinbin MA

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第1期页码 33-39 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1446-6

摘要： A series of unsupported MoS catalysts with or without Al O modification was prepared using a modified thermal decomposition approach. The catalysts were tested for the methanation of carbon monoxide and the optimum one has 25.6 wt-% Al O content. The catalysts were characterized by nitrogen adsorption measurement, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that adding appropriate amount of Al O increases the dispersion of MoS , and the increased interaction force between MoS and Al O can inhibit the sintering of active MoS to some extent.

关键词： unsupported catalyst molybdenum sulfide stability alumina methanation

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王建国：负载型纳米催化剂的多尺度模拟（2019年5月25日）

2021年04月22日

关键词：绿色化工

Water-dispersible nano-pollutions reshape microbial metabolism in type-specific manners: A metabolic

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1548-1

摘要：

• Water-dispersible nano-pollutions exhibit type-specific toxic effects on E. coli.

关键词： Nano-toxicity Nano-plastics Quantum dots Microbial metabolite Metabolic dysregulation

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Laboratory investigation of emulsified asphalt binder modified with wood-derived nano-cellulose and nano

Yunge WEI; Jiayu WANG; Ruoyu LI; Ling XU; Feipeng XIAO

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第11期页码 1474-1485 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0869-2

摘要： Emulsified asphalt is the primary material for preventive maintenance and cold-mix paving, but its low cohesive strength and poor mechanical properties limit its wide application, even with polymer modification. In this study, Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) emulsified asphalt was modified with nano-cellulose materials, namely nano paper-cellulose (NPC) and wood-derived nano-cellulose (WDC), to improve its properties. A novel preparation method of nano-cellulose solution was developed, including blending, ultrasonic stirring, and centrifugal treatment. Four types of nano-cellulose solution (0.5% NPC, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% WDC by weight of water) were selected. The microscopy analysis indicated that 0.5% WDC emulsion had a smaller particle size than 1.5% WDC emulsion. The rheology test indicated that WDC modified residue improved rutting resistance with the increased solution dosage due to the cross-linking effect, but its creep-and-recovery performance was worse than that of SBR emulsion residue. The NPC modified binder had a higher rutting factor than WDC modified binder at the same dosage after short-term aging. In addition, 1.0% WDC could be regarded as the optimal dosage in terms of fatigue and low-temperature performance. Furthermore, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) results showed that 0.5% NPC modified residue performed better in long-term aging resistance compared with 0.5%WDC modified asphalt.

关键词： nano-cellulose emulsified asphalt binder dispersion rheological properties Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Effects of different types of biochar on the properties and reactivity of nano zero-valent iron in soil

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1388-4

摘要：

• Biochar enhanced the mobility and stability of zero-valent iron nanoparticles.

关键词： Nano zero-valent iron Biochar BDE209 Transport Soil

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Immunological effects of nano-enabled hyperthermia for solid tumors: opportunity and challenge

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第3期页码 333-344 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2059-5

摘要： Compared to conventional hyperthermia that is limited by low selectivity and severe side effects, nano-enabled hyperthermia yields great potentials to tackle these limitations for cancer treatment. Another major advance is the observation of immunological responses associated with nano-enabled hyperthermia, which introduces a new avenue, allowing a potential paradigm shift from the acutely effective and cytotoxicity-centric response to the next-phase discovery, i.e., long-lasting and/or systemic anti-tumor immunity. This perspective first discusses the temperature-gradient and the spatially-structured immunological landscape in solid tumors receiving nano-enabled hyperthermia. This includes the discussion about underlying mechanism such as immunogenic cell death, which initiates a profound immunological chain reaction. In order to propagate the immune activation as a viable therapeutic principle, we further discussed the tumor type-specific complexity in the immunological tumor microenvironment, including the creative design of nano-enabled combination therapy to synergize with nano-enabled hyperthermia.

关键词： nano-enabled hyperthermia immunogenic cell death heterogeneous immunological landscape tumor microenvironment

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Modeling nanostructured catalyst layer in PEMFC and catalyst utilization

Jiejing ZHANG, Pengzhen CAO, Li XU, Yuxin WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 297-302 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1201-1

摘要： A lattice model of the nanoscaled catalyst layer structure in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) was established by Monte Carlo method. The model takes into account all the four components in a typical PEMFC catalyst layer: platinum (Pt), carbon, ionomer and pore. The elemental voxels in the lattice were set fine enough so that each average sized Pt particulate in Pt/C catalyst can be represented. Catalyst utilization in the modeled catalyst layer was calculated by counting up the number of facets of Pt voxels where “three phase contact” are met. The effects of some factors, including porosity, ionomer content, Pt/C particle size and Pt weight percentage in the Pt/C catalyst, on catalyst utilization were investigated and discussed.

关键词： catalyst layer PEM fuel cell lattice model Monte Carlo method catalyst utilization

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Behavior of aqueous stable colloidal nano-C

Jing HUO,Ye YU,Ling GE,Bo ZHANG,Yiliang HE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 197-205 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0624-6

摘要： C , as one of carbon nanomaterials widely used in various fields, could be released into the water environment thus exerting some potential health risks to human beings. This work examined the behavior of aqueous stable colloidal nano-C (nC ) aggregates under different environmental conditions including Polyethylene glycol octylphenol ether (TX100) micelles concentration, pH, and reaction time when exposed to TX100 micelles. Results show that the nC aggregates became more dispersive and restored the capability of generating the singlet oxygen when exposed to TX100 micelles. With the increase of TX100 concentration, smaller average size of nC aggregates was observed in dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis, the fluorescence intensity of TX100 was more quenched by nC aggregates, and the kinetic rate constant of generating the singlet oxygen for nC aggregates was improved. The mean size of nC aggregates in the presence of TX100 had no obvious variations when the pH ranged from 4 to 8. The longer reaction time between nC aggregates and TX100 led to a higher kinetic rate constant of generating the singlet oxygen. Collective data suggest that variations in physicochemical properties of nC aggregates are strongly dependent on the surrounding media under different environmental conditions and directly govern nC ’s transport behavior and potential toxicity.

关键词： nano-C₆₀ (nC₆₀) aggregates photochemical reactivity artificial biological membrane

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Mechanical behavior and semiempirical force model of aerospace aluminum alloy milling using nano biological

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0720-4

摘要： Aerospace aluminum alloy is the most used structural material for rockets, aircraft, spacecraft, and space stations. The deterioration of surface integrity of dry machining and the insufficient heat transfer capacity of minimal quantity lubrication have become the bottleneck of lubrication and heat dissipation of aerospace aluminum alloy. However, the excellent thermal conductivity and tribological properties of nanofluids are expected to fill this gap. The traditional milling force models are mainly based on empirical models and finite element simulations, which are insufficient to guide industrial manufacturing. In this study, the milling force of the integral end milling cutter is deduced by force analysis of the milling cutter element and numerical simulation. The instantaneous milling force model of the integral end milling cutter is established under the condition of dry and nanofluid minimal quantity lubrication (NMQL) based on the dual mechanism of the shear effect on the rake face of the milling cutter and the plow cutting effect on the flank surface. A single factor experiment is designed to introduce NMQL and the milling feed factor into the instantaneous milling force coefficient. The average absolute errors in the prediction of milling forces for the NMQL are 13.3%, 2.3%, and 7.6% in the x-, y-, and z-direction, respectively. Compared with the milling forces obtained by dry milling, those by NMQL decrease by 21.4%, 17.7%, and 18.5% in the x-, y-, and z-direction, respectively.

关键词： milling force nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication aerospace aluminum alloy nano biological lubricant

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纳米测量仪器和纳米加工技术

姚骏恩

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第1期页码 33-37

摘要：

纳米科技是当今国际上的一个热点。文章对纳米科技作了简要介绍, 纳米测量和加工是纳米科技中的一个不可缺少的重要组成部分。叙述了发展纳米测量和纳米加工技术的两个主要途径：一是发展传统技术，主要是电子显微术以及最近发展起来的聚焦离子束（FIB）- 电子束数控加工中心；二是创造新的测量仪器，建立新原理和新方法，介绍了国内外电子显微镜和扫描探针显微镜这两类纳米测量分析仪器的发展、应用和生产现状。指出我国电子显微仪器和扫描探针显微镜的开发和生产面临困境，应尽快建立和加强自己的电子显微仪器和扫描探针显微镜等纳米测量和纳米加工设备制造产业，并列入国家科技发展规划。

关键词：纳米科技纳米测量电子显微镜扫描探针显微镜聚焦离子束-电子束装置仪器生产

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Oxidant or catalyst for oxidation?

Jianzhi Huang, Huichun Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1158-8

摘要： Manganese oxides (MnOx) have been demonstrated to be effective materials to activate Oxone (i.e., PMS) to degrade various contaminants. However, the contribution of direct oxidation by MnOx to the total contaminant degradation under acidic conditions was often neglected in the published work, which has resulted in different and even conflicting interpretations of the reaction mechanisms. Here, the role of MnOx (as both oxidants and catalysts) in the activation of Oxone was briefly discussed. The findings offered new insights into the reaction mechanisms in PMS-MnOx and provided a more accurate approach to examine contaminant degradation for water/wastewater treatment.

关键词： Peroxymonosulfate Manganese oxides Catalyst Oxidant

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Monte Carlo simulation of the PEMFC catalyst layer

WANG Hongxing, CAO Pengzhen, WANG Yuxin

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 146-150 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0027-3

摘要： The performance of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is greatly controlled by the structure of the catalyst layer. Low catalyst utilization is still a significant obstacle to the commercialization of the PEMFC. In order to get a fundamental understanding of the electrode structure and to find the limiting factor in the low catalyst utilization, it is necessary to develop the mechanical model on the effect of catalyst layer structure on the catalyst utilization and the performance of the PEMFC. In this work, the structure of the catalyst layer is studied based on the lattice model with the Monte Carlo simulation. The model can predict the effects of some catalyst layer components, such as Pt/C catalyst, electrolyte and gas pores, on the utilization of the catalyst and the cell performance. The simulation result shows that the aggregation of conduction grains can greatly affect the degree of catalyst utilization. The better the dispersion of the conduction grains, the larger the total effective area of the catalyst is. To achieve higher utilization, catalyst layer components must be distributed by means of engineered design, which can prevent aggregation.

关键词： catalyst utilization PEMFC commercialization Pt/C catalyst conduction

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Bicontinuous porous membranes with micro-nano composite structure using a facile atomization-assisted

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第8期页码 1268-1280 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2143-5

摘要： The micro-nano composite structure can endow separation membranes with special surface properties, but it often has the problems of inefficient preparation process and poor structural stability. In this work, a novel atomization-assisted nonsolvent induced phase separation method, which is also highly efficient and very simple, has been developed. By using this method, a bicontinuous porous microfiltration membrane with robust micro-nano composite structure was obtained via commercially available polymers of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The formation mechanism of the micro-nano composite structure was proposed. The microphase separation of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylpyrrolidone components during the atomization pretreatment process and the hydrogen bonding between polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylpyrrolidone molecules should have resulted in the nano-protrusions on the membrane skeleton. The membrane exhibits superhydrophilicity in air and superoleophobicity underwater. The membrane can separate both surfactant-free and surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions with high separation efficiency and permeation flux. With excellent antifouling property and robust microstructure, the membrane can easily be recycled for long-term separation. Furthermore, the scale-up verification from laboratory preparation to continuous production has been achieved. The simple, efficient, cost-effective preparation method and excellent membrane properties indicate the great potential of the developed membranes in practical applications.

关键词： atomization nonsolvent induced phase separation bicontinuous porous structure micro-nano composite structure oil-water separation